What is the primary cause of dandruff?

The primary cause of dandruff is an overgrowth of Malassezia yeast, which is a type of fungus that normally lives on the scalp. Under certain conditions, this yeast can multiply excessively, leading to irritation and inflammation of the scalp. This response causes skin cells to grow rapidly and shed more than usual, resulting in the visible flakes commonly recognized as dandruff.

Understanding the role of Malassezia is crucial because it highlights the importance of maintaining a balanced scalp environment. Factors such as an oily scalp, stress, and hormonal changes can contribute to this overgrowth, making it essential to choose appropriate hair and scalp treatments that target fungal control.

While dry scalp conditions, poor dietary habits, and bacterial overgrowth may contribute to scalp issues, they are not the primary drivers behind the development of dandruff. Instead, it is the imbalance caused by Malassezia that directly leads to the symptoms associated with dandruff.