Define the term "pH" in the context of hair products.

The term "pH" in the context of hair products refers to the measurement of how acidic or alkaline a product is. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral. Values below 7 indicate acidity, while values above 7 indicate alkalinity. This is particularly important in hair care because the pH level can significantly affect the condition of hair and scalp. For instance, hair is slightly acidic, with a natural pH usually between 4.5 and 5.5. Hair products that fall within this range help to maintain its health, protect the cuticle layer, and ensure proper moisture retention. Using products with inappropriate pH levels can lead to unwanted results, such as dryness, brittleness, or changes in color.

Understanding pH is essential for barbers and hairstylists as it guides the selection of products that will enhance hair health and performance, especially during chemical processes like coloring or perming.